MySQL and Linux/Unix/Installing MySQL on Linux/ Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository

2.1 Installing MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository

TheMySQL Yum repositoryfor Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, CentOS, and Fedora provides RPM packages for installing the MySQL server, client, MySQL Workbench, MySQL Utilities, MySQL Router, MySQL Shell, Connector/ODBC, Connector/Python and so on (not all packages are available for all the distributions; seeInstalling Additional MySQL Products and Components with Yumfor details).

Before You Start

As a popular, open-source software, MySQL, in its original or re-packaged form, is widely installed on many systems from various sources, including different software download sites, software repositories, and so on. The following instructions assume that MySQL is not already installed on your system using a third-party-distributed RPM package; if that is not the case, follow the instructions given in升级MySQL与MySQL百胜库orReplacing a Third-Party Distribution of MySQL Using the MySQL Yum Repository.

Steps for a Fresh Installation of MySQL

Follow the steps below to install the latest GA version of MySQL with the MySQL Yum repository:

  1. Adding the MySQL Yum Repository

    First, add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list. This is a one-time operation, which can be performed by installing an RPM provided by MySQL. Follow these steps:

    1. Go to the Download MySQL Yum Repository page (//www.delbede.com/downloads/repo/yum/) in the MySQL Developer Zone.

    2. Select and download the release package for your platform.

    3. Install the downloaded release package with the following command, replacingplatform-and-version-specific-package-namewith the name of the downloaded RPM package:

      $> sudo yum installplatform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm

      For an EL6-based system, the command is in the form of:

      $> sudo yum install mysql80-community-release-el6-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For an EL7-based system:

      $> sudo yum install mysql80-community-release-el7-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For an EL8-based system:

      $> sudo yum install mysql80-community-release-el8-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For Fedora 34:

      $> sudo dnf install mysql80-community-release-fc34-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      For Fedora 33:

      $> sudo dnf install mysql80-community-release-fc33-{version-number}.noarch.rpm

      The installation command adds the MySQL Yum repository to your system's repository list and downloads the GnuPG key to check the integrity of the software packages. SeeSignature Checking Using GnuPGfor details on GnuPG key checking.

      You can check that the MySQL Yum repository has been successfully added by the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

      $> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

    Note

    Once the MySQL Yum repository is enabled on your system, any system-wide update by theyum updatecommand (ordnf upgradefor dnf-enabled systems) upgrades MySQL packages on your system and replaces any native third-party packages, if Yum finds replacements for them in the MySQL Yum repository; see升级MySQL与MySQL百胜库, for a discussion on some possible effects of that on your system, seeUpgrading the Shared Client Libraries.

  2. Selecting a Release Series

    When using the MySQL Yum repository, the latest GA series (currently MySQL 8.0) is selected for installation by default. If this is what you want, you can skip to the next step,Installing MySQL.

    在MySQL Yum资源库,不同的版本series of the MySQL Community Server are hosted in different subrepositories. The subrepository for the latest GA series (currently MySQL 8.0) is enabled by default, and the subrepositories for all other series (for example, the MySQL 8.0 series) are disabled by default. Use this command to see all the subrepositories in the MySQL Yum repository, and see which of them are enabled or disabled (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

    $> yum repolist all | grep mysql

    To install the latest release from the latest GA series, no configuration is needed. To install the latest release from a specific series other than the latest GA series, disable the subrepository for the latest GA series and enable the subrepository for the specific series before running the installation command. If your platform supportsyum-config-manager, you can do that by issuing these commands, which disable the subrepository for the 5.7 series and enable the one for the 8.0 series:

    $> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community $> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql80-community

    For dnf-enabled platforms:

    $> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql57-community $> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql80-community

    Besides usingyum-config-manageror thednf config-managercommand, you can also select a release series by editing manually the/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repofile. This is a typical entry for a release series' subrepository in the file:

    [mysql57-community] name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    Find the entry for the subrepository you want to configure, and edit theenabledoption. Specifyenabled=0to disable a subrepository, orenabled=1to enable a subrepository. For example, to install MySQL 8.0, make sure you haveenabled=0for the above subrepository entry for MySQL 5.7, and haveenabled=1for the entry for the 8.0 series:

    # Enable to use MySQL 8.0 [mysql80-community] name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/6/$basearch/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

    You should only enable subrepository for one release series at any time. When subrepositories for more than one release series are enabled, Yum uses the latest series.

    Verify that the correct subrepositories have been enabled and disabled by running the following command and checking its output (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

    $> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql

  3. Disabling the Default MySQL Module

    (仅EL8系统)EL8-based RHEL8等系统and Oracle Linux 8 include a MySQL module that is enabled by default. Unless this module is disabled, it masks packages provided by MySQL repositories. To disable the included module and make the MySQL repository packages visible, use the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

    $> sudo yum module disable mysql

  4. Installing MySQL

    Install MySQL by the following command (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

    $> sudo yum install mysql-community-server

    This installs the package for MySQL server (mysql-community-server) and also packages for the components required to run the server, including packages for the client (mysql-community-client), the common error messages and character sets for client and server (mysql-community-common), and the shared client libraries (mysql-community-libs).

  5. Starting the MySQL Server

    Start the MySQL server with the following command:

    $> systemctl start mysqld

    You can check the status of the MySQL server with the following command:

    $> systemctl status mysqld

If the operating system is systemd enabled, standardsystemctl(or alternatively,servicewith the arguments reversed) commands such asstop,start,status, andrestartshould be used to manage the MySQL server service. Themysqldservice is enabled by default, and it starts at system reboot. SeeSection 2.9, “Managing MySQL Server with systemd”for additional information.

At the initial start up of the server, the following happens, given that the data directory of the server is empty:

  • The server is initialized.

  • SSL certificate and key files are generated in the data directory.

  • validate_passwordis installed and enabled.

  • A superuser account'root'@'localhostis created. A password for the superuser is set and stored in the error log file. To reveal it, use the following command:

    $> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

    Change the root password as soon as possible by logging in with the generated, temporary password and set a custom password for the superuser account:

    $> mysql -uroot -p
    mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
    Note

    validate_passwordis installed by default. The default password policy implemented byvalidate_passwordrequires that passwords contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, one digit, and one special character, and that the total password length is at least 8 characters.

For more information on the postinstallation procedures, seePostinstallation Setup and Testing.

Note

Compatibility Information for EL7-based platforms:The following RPM packages from the native software repositories of the platforms are incompatible with the package from the MySQL Yum repository that installs the MySQL server. Once you have installed MySQL using the MySQL Yum repository, you cannot install these packages (and vice versa).

  • akonadi-mysql

Installing Additional MySQL Products and Components with Yum

You can use Yum to install and manage individual components of MySQL. Some of these components are hosted in sub-repositories of the MySQL Yum repository: for example, the MySQL Connectors are to be found in the MySQL Connectors Community sub-repository, and the MySQL Workbench in MySQL Tools Community. You can use the following command to list the packages for all the MySQL components available for your platform from the MySQL Yum repository (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

$> sudo yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo='mysql*-community*' list available

Install any packages of your choice with the following command, replacingpackage-namewith name of the package (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

$> sudo yum installpackage-name

For example, to install MySQL Workbench on Fedora:

$> sudo dnf install mysql-workbench-community

To install the shared client libraries (for dnf-enabled systems, replaceyumin the command withdnf):

$> sudo yum install mysql-community-libs

Platform Specific Notes

ARM Support

ARM 64-bit (aarch64) is supported on Oracle Linux 7 and requires the Oracle Linux 7 Software Collections Repository (ol7_software_collections). For example, to install the server:

$> yum-config-manager --enable ol7_software_collections $> yum install mysql-community-server
Note

ARM 64-bit (aarch64) is supported on Oracle Linux 7 as of MySQL 8.0.12.

Known Limitation

The 8.0.12 release requires you to adjust thelibstdc++7path by executingln -s /opt/oracle/oracle-armtoolset-1/root/usr/lib64 /usr/lib64/gcc7after executing theyum installstep.

Updating MySQL with Yum

Besides installation, you can also perform updates for MySQL products and components using the MySQL Yum repository. See升级MySQL与MySQL百胜库for details.


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MySQL 8.0 Reference Manual
MySQL 8.0 Release Notes
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